A sinister bias for calling fouls in soccer.

Distinguishing between a fair and unfair tackle in soccer can be difficult.For referees, choosing to call houston texans shorts a foul often requires a decision despite some level of ambiguity.We were interested in whether a well documented perceptual-motor bias associated with reading direction influenced foul judgments.Prior studies have shown th

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Change in phenotypic plasticity of a morphological defence in Daphnia galeata (Crustacea: Cladocera) in a selection experiment

Some water fleas Daphnia change their head morphology to reduce predation risk in response to chemical substances (kairomones) released from larvae of the invertebrate predator Chaoborus (Insecta: Diptera).We tested for evidence of the costs associated with elongation of the head spine in Daphnia galeata and the consequences of these costs jolly ra

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